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SENTENCJE I DEFINICJE
Furtom sine affectu furandi non committitur , Servitus in faciendo consistere nequit, Lex severior retro non agit , Fiscus semper idoneus successor sit, et solvendo , Hereditas viventis non datur , Ignorantia iuris nocet, facti non nocet, Bis de eadem re agere non licet , Tres faciunt collegium, Actus simulatus nullius est momenti , Servitutibus civiliter utendum est, Mala fides superveniens non nocet , Genus perire non censetur , Nullum crimen sine culpa, Cum reus moram facit, et fideiussor tenetur , Nulla poena sine lege, Necessitas non habet legem , Leges bonae ex malis moribus procreantur , Mora trahit periculum , Pacta sunt servanda, Lex specialis derogat legi generali , Lex posteriori generalis non derogat legi priori , Quot genrationes, tot gradus , Vim vi repellere licet, Ius est ars boni et aequi , Et non facere facere est , Adoptio naturam imitatur , Nomina ipso iure divisa, Crimina morte extinguntur , Summum ius summa iniuria , Is fecit, cui prodest, Audiatur et altera pars , Absentem in criminibus damnari non oportet
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Lekcja pierwsza
a scholarship, BSc, a resit/a retake/repeat/make up a exam, a syllabus, a dormitory/hostel, experlise, a scientific circle, to specialize in/to major in, BSc studies (undergraduate studies), RhD, the excat sciente, a maintenance grant, postgraduate studies, a campus, dean's office, full-time studies, in the field of, a trance, to do intership, a research worker, MA, a examiner of a thesis, extensive knowledge, to obtain/get a degree in the field of, BA, lab classes, know-how, a den, a defenee of master's/doctoral thesis, to graduate from, a thesis/a dissertion, a seminar
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Rzym 2
actus simulatus nullius est momenti, Prior tempore potior iure, cui ius est domanti, eidem of vandendi, et concedenti ius est, Nemo iudex idoneus in propria causa , impossibilis condiciu pro non scripto habetur, Nulli res sua servit , Servitus servitutir esse non potest, Superficies solo cedit , Servitutibus civiliter utendum est, Mora trahit periculum, imposibilium nulla obligato est, errantis voluntas nulla est, Mora debitoris perpetuat obligationem , Legatum est donatio testamento relicta, cum reus moram facit, et fideiussor tenetur, Is fecit, cui prodest, Nomina ipso iure divisa, adoptio naturam imitatur, furtom sine affectu furandi non committitur, Mala fides superveniens non nocet, Summum ius summa iniuria, Servitus in faciendo consistere nequit
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Rzym 3
Alterius contractu nemo obligatur, Lex superior derogat legi inferiori, Leges bonae ex malis moribus procreantur, Accessio cedit principali, Servitutibus civiliter utendum est, Impossibilium nulla obligatio est, Mora debitoris perpetuat obligationem, Actus simulatus nullius est momenti, Lex severior retro non agit, Pacta sunt servanda, Lex non obligat nisi promulgata, Non omne quod licet honestum est, Errantis voluntas nulla est, Nullum crimen sine culpa, Mala fides superveniens non nocet, Mala fides superveniens non nocet
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unit 1
memorabilia ; objects that you collect because they belonged to someone famous or are connected with something that interests you, script ; the written words of a play, film, television programme, speech etc, at the beginning; in the first part of an event or process before something changes, track down ; to find someone or something after a long search, swap ; the process of giving one thing in exchange for another , devote ; to spend a lot of time or effort doing something, point-blank ; in a very firm and direct way, wardrobe ; the clothes that someone has, antique ; old and valuable, lawn ; an area of grass that is cut short, especially in someone’s garden, be keen on; to be interested in something and enjoying it, especially an activity that y ou do often, naked ; not wearing any clothes , weapon ; an object that can be used to hurt people or damage property, for example a gun, knife, or bomb, trade; to buy or sell goods or services, spooky ; frightening in a way that makes you nervous because it involves things that do not seem natural and cannot be explained by, passion ; a strong enthusiasm or interest, voluntary ; voluntary work is done for no pay, the thing about ; used for talking about the problem with something or someone, slogan ; a short phrase that is easy to remember and is used to advertise something or to express the beliefs of a political party or other, chess ; a game for two people, played on a board with black and white squares, using different shaped pieces, including two kings. The aim is to get the other player’s king into a position where it ca, reveal ; to show something that was covered or hidden, get a taste for ; to begin to like something, survey ; a set of questions that you ask a large number of people or organizations, weird ; strange and unusual, sometimes in a way that upsets you, gnome ; a stone or plastic model of a gnome (an imaginary little man in children’s stories who wears a pointed hat and can do magic), used in gardens for decoration, trespass ; to go into a place without the owner’s permission, stall ; a large table or a small building that is open at the front, used for s elling things or for giving people information, you're kidding ; used to say that someone is saying something that is not true, especially as a joke, autograph ; a famous person’s name that they sign for someone else to keep, give (sth) a try ; to do something in order to find out what happens or to find out wh ether something is good, appropriate, effective etc., sticker ; a piece of paper or plastic with a picture, colour, or writing on one side and a sticky surface on the other that you can stick to, hunter; someone who is looking for a particular type of thing
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angielski
tackle ; to make an organized and determined attempt to deal with a problem, often a social problem such as crime or unemployment, leather ; a strong material made from animal skin that is used for making shoes, clothes, bags etc, bill ; a bird’s beak, logger ; someone whose job is to cut down trees, misbehaviour ; bad behaviour or behaviour that offends other people, lovely ; kind, pleasant, and easy to like, face facts ; used for saying that someone has to accept the truth, although it is unpleasant, cull ; an act of culling animals, dingo ; a wild dog that lives in Australia, mildly ; to put it mildly is used for saying that the words you have chosen are not as extreme as they could have been, solemnly ; in a serious way, eagle ; a large bird that kills other birds and animals for food, Cuddly; a cuddly person or animal is attractive and makes you want to cuddle them, especially because they look soft or round, distinctive ; easy to recognize because of being different from other people or things of the same type, tame ; someone who is tame obeys other people or is afraid of them, round the bend ; to become crazy, saint ; someone who the Christian church officially honours after their death because they have lived an especially holy life. Saint is often written as St before a person’s name, eccentric ; someone who is eccentric often behaves in slightly strange or unusual ways, beak ; the hard curved or pointed part of a bird’s mouth, miss the point ; to fail to understand something, reputation ; a general opinion that someone or something has a particular quality, scarlet ; bright red in colour, out of hand ; not well controlled, turkey ; a large bird similar to a chicken that has no feathers on its head and is often eaten at Christmas and Thanksgiving. The sound that turkeys make is called gobbling., rope ; a type of very thick string that can be used for tying or pulling things, worked up ; upset, angry, or excited, reincarnation ; the belief that after you die you can be born again as a different person, animal, or thing, dig ; to make a hole in earth or sand using your hands, a machine, or a tool, especially a spade, hutch ; a structure for keeping small animals in, especially rabbits, stunning ; very impressive or beautiful, vicious ; extremely violent, row ; a series of people or things arranged in a straight line
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angielski
acupuncture ; a medical treatment from China that involves putting special needles into particular parts of the body , balance ; a situation in which different aspects or features are treated equally or exist in the correct relationship to each other , alliance ; a group of people, organizations, or countries who have united to work together to achieve something , trigger ; to cause someone to have a particular feeling or memory , deserve ; if you deserve something, it is right that you get it, for example because of the way you have behaved, hypnosis ; a very relaxed state in which you seem to be sleeping but can still react to someone else’s suggestions , needle ; a very thin sharp metal tube used for putting medicine or drugs into your body, or for taking blood out. It is attached to a plastic tube called a syringe , grant ; to allow someone to have or do what they want , proceeds ; money that a person or organization makes from selling or winning something, or from organizing an event or activity , tale ; a story about imaginary events or people , harassment ; annoying or unpleasant behaviour towards someone that takes place regularly, for example threats, offensive remarks, or physical attacks , severe ; a severe pain, injury, or illness is one which is serious and unpleasant , courage ; the ability to do something that you know is right or good, even though it is dangerous, frightening, or very difficult , fang ; one of the long pointed teeth that some animals have, for example snakes, dogs, and tigers , stick ; a thin piece of wood that has been broken or cut from a tree , rule ; to officially control or govern a country or area, fear ; the feeling that you have when you are frightened, interstate ; existing or taking place between states, especially between the states in the US or Australia , risk ; the possibility that something unpleasant or dangerous might happen , swallow ; to make food or drink go from your mouth down through your throat and into your stomach , reason ; a fact, situation, or intention that explains why something happened, why someone did something, or why something is true, pray ; to speak to God or a saint, for example to give thanks or ask for help , cautious ; careful to avoid problems or danger, bossy ; someone who is bossy keeps telling other people what to do, in a way that annoys them , in a hurry ; to do something or go somewhere quickly because you do not have much time , equal ; the same in value, amount, or size , boycott ; to not take part in an event, or to not buy or use something as a protest , pass down ; to give knowledge or teach skills to your children or to younger people, slavery ; the condition of being a slave, or of having to work for another person , abusive ; using offensive or insulting language , short-changed ; if someone is short-changed, they do not receive back enough money for something they have paid for after they have paid more than the full price for the things , scout ; a boy or girl who is a member of the Scouts, an organization that encourages boys and girls to learn practical skills and help other people
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ETYKA DEFINICJE
Nauka o moralności, która stawia sobie za zadanie analizę i filozoficzne uzasadnienie faktów moralnych, z których można by wyprowadzić normy ludzkiego postępowania, Zespół przeświadczeń o tym co dobre i złe, pociągający za sobą akceptację lub negatywną ocenę postępowania , Zespół zasad i obowiązków zawodowych, dział etyki traktujący o obowiązkach moralnych i o tym co decyduje o moralnej wartości czynu, Sytuacja, w której funkcjonariusz publiczny lub inna osoba uprawniona do wystawiania dokumentów, poświadcza w nim nieprawdę w sprawie okoliczności mającej znaczenie prawnej , Nadużycie zajmowanego stanowiska poprzez faworyzowanie oparte na pokrewieństwie , Przestępstwo polegające na nielegalnym przywłaszczeniu sobie cudzych własności lub zatrzymaniu pewnego mienia, Nadużycie zajmowanego stanowiska przez faworyzowanie oparte na nieformalnych powiązaniach. Nieuczciwe lub nieoficjalne pobieranie znajomych zwykle mające im umożliwić osiągnięci korzyści materialnych , Sytuacja, w której osoba sprawująca funkcję publiczną podejmuje decyzje w sprawie, w rozstrzygnięciu której z jakichś powodów jest zainteresowany , art 115 par 13 KK, Korzyść osiągana dla siebie, innej osoby fizycznej lub prawnej, jednostki organizacyjnej nie mającej osobowości prawnej lub grupy osób, Zbiór norm i reguł postępowania obowiązujących przedstawicieli danego zawodu, Pośredniczenie w załatwieniu sprawy w zamian za korzyść majątkową lub obietnicę jej otrzymania , Skodyfikowany zbiór norm etycznych, określający sposób postępowania i zachowania człowieka w danej dziedzinie życia publicznego, Wzorzec, model etycznego postępowania, przyjęty dla danej grupy zawodowej, czasami zwany etosem , ujawnienie lub wbrew przepisom ustawy wykorzystanie informacji stanowiących tajemnicę państwową
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Agielski
range ; a group of products of the same type that a particular company makes or that a particular store sells, reasonable ; used about people’s decisions, actions etc, beard ; hair that grows on a man’s chin and cheeks, initiative ; the ability to decide in an independent way what to do and when to do it, bound to ; something that is bound to happen will almost certainly happen, punk ; a young person who likes punk music, and who often has brightly-coloured hair, and wears torn clothing with a lot of chains and pins, ponytail ; long hair that is tied at the back of the head and hangs down, tabloid ; a newspaper with fairly small pages mostly containing stories about famous people and not much serious news. More serious newspapers are called broadsheets, which have bigger pages, or compa, pearl ; a small round jewel that is white and shiny and that grows inside the shell of an oyster, loose ; loose clothes are large and do not fit your body tightly, portrayal ; the way that something or someone is portrayed, look your best ; to appear as good or attractive as possible, grease ; to put grease on something, second-hand ; owned or used by someone else before you, conquer ; to gain control of a situation or emotion by making a great physical or mental effort, the look; the expression that you have on your face or in your eyes, rush ; to hurry to do something, stud ; a small piece of jewellery on a short metal post that is worn through a part of your body, rejection ; a refusal to accept, approve, or support something, riot ; a violent protest by a crowd of people, curious ; someone who is curious wants to find out about something, pimple ; a small red lump on your skin, especially on your face, well-off ; rich, or having enough money to live well, airhead ; a silly or stupid person, easy-going ; relaxed, calm, and not getting easily upset about things, by the look of it ; judging by the appearance of something, clean-shaven ; a clean-shaven man shaves the hair from his face, so that he does not have a beard or moustache, never-ending ; continuing for a very long time and likely to continue even longer, feminine-looking ; with an appearance that is traditionally considered to be typical of women, encapsulate ; to express something in a short clear form that gives the most important facts or ideas, waistcoat ; a piece of clothing without sleeves that is usually worn over a shirt, looks ; the attractive appearance of someone, especially their face
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ANGIELSKI
cover ; the outside page at the front or back of a book or magazine, live up to ; to be as good as what was expected or promised, unveil ; to remove the cover from something such as a statue as part of an official ceremony, commission ; a group of people that is officially put in charge of something or asked to find out about something, have an affair ; to have a sexual relationship with someone, especially when you are married to someone else, glance ; to look somewhere quickly and then look away, jug ; a container from which you pour liquids such as water or milk. The usual American word is pitcher, depression ; a feeling of being extremely unhappy, billionaire ; someone who has more than a billion pounds or dollars, however used when you are saying something that seems surprising after your previous statement, or that makes your previous statement seem less true, sabre ; a heavy sword with a slightly curved blade, used in the past, come up with ; to think of something such as an idea or a plan, controversy ; a disagreement, especially about a public policy or a moral issue that a lot of people have strong feelings about, perfectionist ; someone who always wants things to be done perfectly, farce ; a situation or event that is silly because it is very badly organized, unsuccessful, or unfair, set about ; to begin doing something, especially in a determined or enthusiastic way, overpowering ; an overpowering smell or taste is very strong, crawl ; if an insect crawls, it moves forward using its legs, sculpture ; a solid object that someone makes as a work of art by shaping a substance such as stone, metal, or wood, faint ; to suddenly become unconscious for a short time, and usually fall to the ground, commit suicide ; to deliberately kill yourself, skull ; the bones of the head, worldwide ; happening or existing all over the world, godsend ; something that you are very grateful for because it helps you in a difficult situation, melt ; to change a solid substance into a liquid, colossal ; extremely great or large, mortuary ; a place where a dead body is kept, nominate ; to officially suggest that someone should be given a job, or that someone or something should receive a prize, still life ; a type of art that represents objects rather than people, animals, or the countryside, put forward ; to offer an idea, opinion, reason, etc, especially so that people can discuss it and make a decision, maid ; a woman whose job is to clean rooms, serve meals, wash clothes etc in a house, logo ; a symbol that represents an organization or company, used for example in its advertisements or on its products
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ANGIELSKI
approachable ; someone who is approachable is friendly and easy to talk to, nationalism ; the wish for political independence of a group of people with the same language, culture, history, etc., polling station ; a building where people go to vote in an election, assailant ; someone who violently attacks another person, provoke ; to deliberately try to make someone angry, articulate ; able to express your thoughts, arguments, and ideas clearly and effectively, ad ; an advertisement, racism ; a way of behaving or thinking that shows that you do not like or respect people who belong to races that are different from your own and that you believe your race is better than others, electorate ; all the people who are allowed to vote in an election, grant ; to allow someone to have or do what they want, offend ; to make someone upset and angry by doing or saying something, punch ; to hit someone or something with your fist (=closed hand), usually as hard as you can, general election ; an election in which every adult in the country can vote for the people who will represent them in parliament, wheel around ; to turn around quickly where you are standing, parliament ; the main law-making institution in some countries. In the UK, Parliament consists of politicians elected to the House of Commons and members of the House of Lords, pour ; to make a liquid or substance flow out of a container that you are holding, on purpose ; deliberately, competent ; capable of doing something in a satisfactory or effective way, press charges ; to officially accuse someone of committing a crime, commit to ; to promise to do something, macho ; behaving in a way traditionally considered typical of a man, for example by being strong and willing to fight, and by hiding your feelings, centre-right ; if a party is centre-right it is right-wing but not very strongly , realism ; the ability to accept events and situations as they really are and to deal with them in a practical way, refer to (sth) ; to describe something, or to be about something, make matters worse ; to make a situation worse, cruise ; to sail in a ship for pleasure, especially to a series of places, memo ; a short note that you send to someone who you work with, discrimination ; unfair treatment of someone because of their religion, race, or other personal features, horrified ; very shocked or frightened, democrat ; someone who supports democracy as a political system, head of state ; the leader of a country, for example a king, queen, or president, spin doctor ; someone whose job is to give journalists information that makes a politician or an organization seem as good as possible