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SENTENCJE I DEFINICJE
Pacta sunt servanda, Nemo iudex idoneus in propria causa , In toto et pars continentur , Nemo invitus compellitur ad communionem , In poenam heres non succedit , Delicta parentum liberis non nocet , Argumenta non numeranda, sed ponderanda sunt , Servitutibus civiliter utendum est, Actor sequitur forum rei , Fiscus semper idoneus successor sit, et solvendo , Mala fides superveniens non nocet , Lex retro non agit , Necessitas non habet legem , Lex posteriori generalis non derogat legi priori , Servitus in faciendo consistere nequit, Inter arma silent leges , Genus perire non censetur , Lex severior retro non agit , Impossibilium nulla obligatio est , Cum reus moram facit, et fideiussor tenetur , Is fecit, cui prodest, Mulier familiae suae et caput et finis est , Corruptissima republica plurimae leges , Nomina ipso iure divisa, Absentem in criminibus damnari non oportet , Cui ius est donandi, eidem et vendendi, et concedendi ius est , Nullum crimen sine lege , Summum ius summa iniuria , Nullum crimen sine culpa, Superficies solo cedit , Cui licet quod est plus, licet utique quod est minus, Legatum est donatio testamento relicta
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Lekcja pierwsza
standarts of teaching, a scientific circle, the excat sciente, MA, a PhD student/doctoral student, BA, extensive knowledge, an academic year, a trance, skills, a thesis super visior, a resit/a retake/repeat/make up a exam, BSc, a dormitory/hostel, in the field of, to get a credit, to do intership, an index book, educational background, a campus, to graduate from, a certificat of completion, MSc, a thesis/a dissertion, classess, a research worker, a seminar, postgraduate studies, an examing board, the humanities, a rector, RhD
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Rzym 2
Mora trahit periculum, imposibilium nulla obligato est, Prior tempore potior iure, Nulli res sua servit , Servitutibus civiliter utendum est, adoptio naturam imitatur, Nemo iudex idoneus in propria causa , Servitus servitutir esse non potest, Nomina ipso iure divisa, Servitus in faciendo consistere nequit, cui ius est domanti, eidem of vandendi, et concedenti ius est, Superficies solo cedit , actus simulatus nullius est momenti, Summum ius summa iniuria, impossibilis condiciu pro non scripto habetur, errantis voluntas nulla est, Is fecit, cui prodest, cum reus moram facit, et fideiussor tenetur, Mala fides superveniens non nocet, Legatum est donatio testamento relicta, Mora debitoris perpetuat obligationem , furtom sine affectu furandi non committitur
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Rzym 3
Non omne quod licet honestum est, Errantis voluntas nulla est, Servitutibus civiliter utendum est, Lex non obligat nisi promulgata, Actus simulatus nullius est momenti, Pacta sunt servanda, Mala fides superveniens non nocet, Alterius contractu nemo obligatur, Nullum crimen sine culpa, Mora debitoris perpetuat obligationem, Accessio cedit principali, Leges bonae ex malis moribus procreantur, Impossibilium nulla obligatio est, Mala fides superveniens non nocet, Lex severior retro non agit, Lex superior derogat legi inferiori
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unit 1
scary ; making you feel frightened, bulging ; sticking out, memorabilia ; objects that you collect because they belonged to someone famous or are connected with something that interests you, goods ; a stone or plastic model of a gnome (an imaginary little man in children’s stories who wears a pointed hat and can do magic), used in gardens for decoration, in-thing ; something which is currently very fashionable, spooky ; frightening in a way that makes you nervous because it involves things that do not seem natural and cannot be explained by, supporter ; someone who likes to watch a particular sports team and wants that team to win, reveal ; to show something that was covered or hidden, in the end ; finally, after a period of time or thought, aficionado ; someone who is very interested in something and knows a lot about it, subsequently ; after something else happened, you're kidding ; used to say that someone is saying something that is not true, especially as a joke, swap ; the process of giving one thing in exchange for another , track down ; to find someone or something after a long search, draw a line between ; to keep two things separate, dismiss ; to refuse to accept that something might be true, tendency ; an aspect of your character that you show by behaving in a particular way, trade; to buy or sell goods or services, devote ; to spend a lot of time or effort doing something, babysit ; to look after children in their home while their parents are not there, especially in the evening, sticker ; a piece of paper or plastic with a picture, colour, or writing on one side and a sticky surface on the other that you can stick to, it’s just one of those things ; used to say that you cannot prevent or change a situation or an event, trespass ; to go into a place without the owner’s permission, one thing led to another; used when you cannot or do not want to give a lot of details about how something happens, later on ; in the future, or after the time already mentioned, hooked ; if you are hooked on something, you find it so attractive or interesting that you want to do it as much as possible, dark horse ; someone with a secret, especially a secret ability, skill, or achieve ment, that surprises you when you finally discover it, voluntary ; voluntary work is done for no pay, get hold of ; to get something that you need or want, be obsessed with; to consider someone or something as so important that you are always thinking about them, in a way that seems extreme to other people, instinct ; a natural tendency to behave in a particular way that people and animals are born with and that they obey without knowing why, gnome ; a stone or plastic model of a gnome (an imaginary little man in children’s stories who wears a pointed hat and can do magic), used in gardens for decoration
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angielski
potential ; possible or likely in the future, indulge ; to allow someone to do what they want or enjoy, break out ; if something bad such as a war or disease breaks out, it starts, clash ; a fight or battle between two groups of people, chick ; a baby bird, rewarding ; giving you satisfaction, pleasure, or profit, logging ; the work of cutting down trees for wood, reincarnation ; the belief that after you die you can be born again as a different person, animal, or thing, cold-blooded; deliberately cruel and showing no emotion, miss the point ; to fail to understand something, round the bend ; to become crazy, puppy ; a very young dog, dig ; to make a hole in earth or sand using your hands, a machine, or a tool, especially a spade, bill ; a bird’s beak, vaccine ; a substance put into the body, usually by injection, in order to provide protection against a disease, insane ; very stupid or crazy, especially in a way that is likely to cause serious problems, harm, or injury, convinced ; certain that something is true, dingo ; a wild dog that lives in Australia, iridescent ; showing changing colours in different types of light, ironically ; used for saying that a situation has developed in an unexpected and sometimes humorous way, flock of ; a group of birds, sheep, or goats, get on with it ; to give your time to something and make progress with it, get around ; if people get along, they like each other and are friendly to each other, playful ; lively and full of fun, lead ; a long thin piece of material attached to a dog’s collar so that it can be controlled in a public place, fence ; a flat upright structure made of wood or wire that surrounds an area of land, hazard ; something that could be dangerous or could cause damage or accidents, tame ; someone who is tame obeys other people or is afraid of them, scarlet ; bright red in colour, hit it off ; if two people hit it off when they meet for the first time, they like each other, curtsey ; if a woman curtsies, she shows her respect for someone by bending her knees with one leg behind the other as a formal greeting, mayor ; the most important elected official in a town or city
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angielski
campaigner ; someone who tries to achieve political or social change by persuading other people or the government to do something ., segregation ; the policy of keeping people from different groups, especially different races, separate. Integration is the policy of bringing these groups together , slavery ; the condition of being a slave, or of having to work for another person , equality ; the state of being equal, especially in having the same rights, status, and opportunities , plain ; plain food is simple and does not have a lot of things added to it , medium-rare ; meat that is medium-rare has been cooked for a short time so that it is still slightly red in the middle , rebellion ; opposition to someone in authority or to accepted ways of doing things , bravery ; brave behaviour , swallow ; to make food or drink go from your mouth down through your throat and into your stomach , venom ; poison produced by some animals, especially snakes and insects , plane ; an aircraft with wings and at least one engine , civilize ; to make someone behave in a more polite and reasonable way , stiff ; something that is stiff does not bend easily., starve ; to suffer or to die because there is not enough food , disobedience ; someone’s behaviour when they do not obey orders or rules , scout ; a boy or girl who is a member of the Scouts, an organization that encourages boys and girls to learn practical skills and help other people , hypnosis ; a very relaxed state in which you seem to be sleeping but can still react to someone else’s suggestions , reasonable ; fair and sensible Some people think it is perfectly reasonable to climb into the mouth of a volcano., reserved ; someone who is reserved tends not to talk about or show their feelings , reason ; a fact, situation, or intention that explains why something happened, why someone did something, or why something is true, principle ; a basic belief, theory, or rule that has a major influence on the way in which something is done, sacking ; rattlesnake sacking is a sport in which people try to get live rattlesnakes into a sack without being injured , interstate ; existing or taking place between states, especially between the states in the US or Australia , grant ; to allow someone to have or do what they want , abuse ; cruel, violent, or unfair treatment, especially of someone who does not have the power to prevent it , courageous ; very brave and determined, culminate ; to happen or exist as the final result of a process or situation , round-up ; an occasion when animals or people are forced to gather together in one place, severe ; a severe pain, injury, or illness is one which is serious and unpleasant , pray ; to speak to God or a saint, for example to give thanks or ask for help , cautious ; careful to avoid problems or danger, rattler ; a rattlesnake
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ETYKA DEFINICJE
Pośredniczenie w załatwieniu sprawy w zamian za korzyść majątkową lub obietnicę jej otrzymania , Zespół przeświadczeń o tym co dobre i złe, pociągający za sobą akceptację lub negatywną ocenę postępowania , Sytuacja, w której osoba sprawująca funkcję publiczną podejmuje decyzje w sprawie, w rozstrzygnięciu której z jakichś powodów jest zainteresowany , Korzyść osiągana dla siebie, innej osoby fizycznej lub prawnej, jednostki organizacyjnej nie mającej osobowości prawnej lub grupy osób, Skodyfikowany zbiór norm etycznych, określający sposób postępowania i zachowania człowieka w danej dziedzinie życia publicznego, Zespół zasad i obowiązków zawodowych, dział etyki traktujący o obowiązkach moralnych i o tym co decyduje o moralnej wartości czynu, Nadużycie zajmowanego stanowiska poprzez faworyzowanie oparte na pokrewieństwie , Zbiór norm i reguł postępowania obowiązujących przedstawicieli danego zawodu, Nadużycie zajmowanego stanowiska przez faworyzowanie oparte na nieformalnych powiązaniach. Nieuczciwe lub nieoficjalne pobieranie znajomych zwykle mające im umożliwić osiągnięci korzyści materialnych , Sytuacja, w której funkcjonariusz publiczny lub inna osoba uprawniona do wystawiania dokumentów, poświadcza w nim nieprawdę w sprawie okoliczności mającej znaczenie prawnej , Nauka o moralności, która stawia sobie za zadanie analizę i filozoficzne uzasadnienie faktów moralnych, z których można by wyprowadzić normy ludzkiego postępowania, art 115 par 13 KK, ujawnienie lub wbrew przepisom ustawy wykorzystanie informacji stanowiących tajemnicę państwową , Przestępstwo polegające na nielegalnym przywłaszczeniu sobie cudzych własności lub zatrzymaniu pewnego mienia, Wzorzec, model etycznego postępowania, przyjęty dla danej grupy zawodowej, czasami zwany etosem
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Agielski
posh ; something that is posh looks expensive and attractive, spot ; a very small red lump on someone’s face, punk ; a young person who likes punk music, and who often has brightly-coloured hair, and wears torn clothing with a lot of chains and pins, physique ; the shape of someone’s body, especially a man’s, rough ; difficult and with a lot of problems, never-ending ; continuing for a very long time and likely to continue even longer, legend ; someone who very many people know about and admire, disillusioned ; disappointed because you have discovered that someone or something is not as good as you had believed, commune ; a group of people who live together and share work, food, income, and possessions, initiative ; the ability to decide in an independent way what to do and when to do it, look through ; to read something quickly, especially to find the information you need, deep-rooted ; a deep-rooted feeling, belief, idea etc is strong and you have had it for so long that it is difficult to change, ponytail ; long hair that is tied at the back of the head and hangs down, manifestation ; evidence that something exists or is present, hidden agenda ; a secret reason for doing something, because you will get an advantage from it, blame ; to say or think that someone or something is responsible for an accident, problem, or bad situation, curious ; someone who is curious wants to find out about something, defect ; a fault in someone or something, Goth ; someone who follows a type of fashion that was first popular in the 1980s, in which people have black clothes, black hair, very white make-up and dark lipstick, cosmetic ; relating to the improvement of someone’s appearance, incomprehensible ; impossible to understand, range ; a group of products of the same type that a particular company makes or that a particular store sells, grand ; a thousand pounds, or a thousand dollars, shallow ; not interested in serious ideas, strong feelings, or other important things, lipstick ; a coloured substance in the form of a small stick that women put on their lips, compulsive ; impossible to control and therefore sometimes harmful, stunning ; extremely attractive, quiff ; the front part of a man’s hair shaped so that it is higher than the rest, second-hand ; owned or used by someone else before you, disapproval ; a feeling of not approving of someone or something, beat ; very tired, insecure ; not confident about yourself
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ANGIELSKI
talented ; someone who is talented is very good at something, focal point ; the most important, interesting, or attractive part of something, that you concentrate on or pay particular attention to, sculpture ; a solid object that someone makes as a work of art by shaping a substance such as stone, metal, or wood, greet ; to react to an action or news in a particular way, fuel ; to make something increase or become worse, especially something unpleasant, overly ; very much, or too much, faint ; to suddenly become unconscious for a short time, and usually fall to the ground, juvenile ; relating to young people who have committed a crime or who are accused of committing a crime, rate ; the speed at which something happens within a particular period of time, dot ; a very small spot of ink or colour, commission ; a group of people that is officially put in charge of something or asked to find out about something, skull ; the bones of the head, put (sb/sth) off ; to make someone not want to do something, or to make someone not like someone or something, logo ; a symbol that represents an organization or company, used for example in its advertisements or on its products, charm ; the quality of being pleasant or attractive, needle ; a small thin metal tool that is used for sewing. It has a sharp point at one end and a hole at the other, self-portrait ; a picture of you that you draw or paint yourself, shark ; a large fish with sharp teeth that lives in the sea. Some types of shark attack people., budget ; the amount of money a person or organization has to spend on something, exhibition ; a public show where art or other interesting things are put so that people can go and look at them, turn (sb/sth) down ; to not accept an offer or request, candle ; a stick of wax with a string in it called a wick that you burn to give light, collection ; works of art that are kept together, for example in a museum, catch up with ; to improve in order to reach the same standard or rate as someone or something, regime ; a program of medical treatment, exercise, or special food for improving your health or appearance, get away with ; to manage to do something bad without being punished or criticized for it, bookworm ; someone who enjoys reading books and spends a lot of time doing it, set up ; to start something such as a business, organization, or institution, whoever ; used for saying that it does not matter who is involved in something because the result or the situation will be the same, glance ; to look somewhere quickly and then look away, tireless ; working very hard without stopping, sting ; to have or cause a sudden pain or uncomfortable feeling
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ANGIELSKI
squirm ; to look or feel embarrassed and uncomfortable, pour ; to make a liquid or substance flow out of a container that you are holding, brush (sth) off ; to refuse to listen to someone, or to accept that something might be true or important, self-conscious ; embarrassed or worried about how you look or what other people think of you, polling station ; a building where people go to vote in an election, outcome ; the final result of a process, meeting, activity, etc, philosophical ; relating to philosophy, horrified ; very shocked or frightened, competent ; capable of doing something in a satisfactory or effective way, engineer ; someone who designs or builds things such as roads, railroads, bridges, or machines, tearful ; crying, or feeling as if you want to cry, resign ; to state formally that you are leaving a job permanently, socialism ; a political system that aims to create a society in which everyone has equal opportunities and in which the most important industries are owned or controlled by the whole community, graduate ; someone who has a degree from a university, on purpose ; deliberately, offend ; to make someone upset and angry by doing or saying something, chancellor ; the leader of the government in some countries, for example Germany and Austria, nationalism ; the wish for political independence of a group of people with the same language, culture, history, etc., cruise ; to sail in a ship for pleasure, especially to a series of places, Member of Parliament ; someone who people have elected to represent them in a parliament. Members of Parliament are usually called MPs, moderate ; reasonable and avoiding extreme opinions or actions, racism ; a way of behaving or thinking that shows that you do not like or respect people who belong to races that are different from your own and that you believe your race is better than others, promptly ; used for saying that someone does something immediately after doing another thing when this is surprising, wheel around ; to turn around quickly where you are standing, realism ; the ability to accept events and situations as they really are and to deal with them in a practical way, humiliating ; making you feel very embarrassed and ashamed, apathy ; a feeling of having no interest in or enthusiasm about anything, or of not being willing to make any effort to change things, representative ; someone who has been chosen or elected by a person or group to vote, give opinions, or make decisions for them, ad ; an advertisement, foot and mouth disease ; a very infectious disease of sheep, cows, and pigs, secretarial ; relating to the work or skills of a secretary, bright ; bright colours are strong but not dark