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SENTENCJE I DEFINICJE
Bis de eadem re agere non licet , Impossibilium nulla obligatio est , Lex retro non agit , Accessio cedit principali , Lex posterior derogat priori , Impossibilis condicio pro non scripto habetur , Inter arma silent leges , Adoptio naturam imitatur , Alterius contractu nemo obligatur , Si in ius vocat, ito, Dura lex, sed lex , Clara non sunt interpretanda , Nemo iudex idoneus in propria causa , Actus simulatus nullius est momenti , Quot genrationes, tot gradus , Mala fides superveniens non nocet , Necessitas non habet legem , Legatum est donatio testamento relicta, Actor sequitur forum rei , Furtom sine affectu furandi non committitur , Lex superior derogat legi inferiori, Facta non praesumuntur, sed probantur , Ignorantia iuris nocet, facti non nocet, Nomina ipso iure divisa, Servitutibus civiliter utendum est, Prior tempore potior iure , Mora debitoris perpetuat obligationem , Non omne quod licet honestum est , Cum reus moram facit, et fideiussor tenetur , Nullum crimen sine culpa, Corruptissima republica plurimae leges , Nulli res sua servit
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Lekcja pierwsza
an exam session, standarts of teaching, skills, a campus, a scientific circle, in the field of, an academic year, a resit/a retake/repeat/make up a exam, know-how, a scholarship, to do intership, a defenee of master's/doctoral thesis, to graduate from, BSc, BSc studies (undergraduate studies), lab classes, a research worker, extremal studies, BA, full-time studies, a dormitory/hostel, a seminar, a rector, to specialize in/to major in, the humanities, MSc, a lecturer, to get a credit, a PhD student/doctoral student, extensive knowledge, postgraduate studies, a thesis super visior
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Rzym 2
adoptio naturam imitatur, Nemo iudex idoneus in propria causa , Prior tempore potior iure, Servitutibus civiliter utendum est, Mora debitoris perpetuat obligationem , Mora trahit periculum, cum reus moram facit, et fideiussor tenetur, Servitus in faciendo consistere nequit, Legatum est donatio testamento relicta, imposibilium nulla obligato est, Nulli res sua servit , Servitus servitutir esse non potest, actus simulatus nullius est momenti, errantis voluntas nulla est, furtom sine affectu furandi non committitur, cui ius est domanti, eidem of vandendi, et concedenti ius est, Nomina ipso iure divisa, Summum ius summa iniuria, Superficies solo cedit , Mala fides superveniens non nocet, impossibilis condiciu pro non scripto habetur, Is fecit, cui prodest
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Rzym 3
Leges bonae ex malis moribus procreantur, Servitutibus civiliter utendum est, Mala fides superveniens non nocet, Mala fides superveniens non nocet, Actus simulatus nullius est momenti, Nullum crimen sine culpa, Accessio cedit principali, Lex severior retro non agit, Non omne quod licet honestum est, Alterius contractu nemo obligatur, Lex superior derogat legi inferiori, Pacta sunt servanda, Lex non obligat nisi promulgata, Mora debitoris perpetuat obligationem, Impossibilium nulla obligatio est, Errantis voluntas nulla est
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unit 1
make (sth) up ; to invent a story, poem, etc., later on ; in the future, or after the time already mentioned, survey ; a set of questions that you ask a large number of people or organizations, aficionado ; someone who is very interested in something and knows a lot about it, handle ; to touch or hold someone or something, job seeker ; someone who is looking for a job. This word is used mainly by government officials., bargain ; something you buy that costs much less than normal, subsequently ; after something else happened, spread ; to gradually affect or cover a larger area, hang around ; to spend time in a place waiting or doing nothing, lacking ; if something important or useful is lacking, it does not exist or is not available, finally ; after a long time, process, or series of events, be crazy about ; be very enthusiastic about something, slant ; to be or move at an angle that is not 90 degrees, or to make something do this, initially ; at the beginning, be into; to be interested in and enjoy an activity or subject, looped ; with a round shape or curve made by a line curling back toward itself, get hold of ; to get something that you need or want, temptation ; a strong feeling of wanting to have or to do something, especially something that is bad for you, gallon ; a unit for measuring an amount of liquid, especially petrol or water. In the UK, a gallon is equal to 4.55 litres. In the US, a gallon is equal to 3.79 litres. A gallon contains 8 pints or 4 , devote ; to spend a lot of time or effort doing something, resist ; to stop yourself from doing something that you would very much like to do, get carried away ; to become so excited or involved in something that you lose control of your feelings or behaviour, at first ; in the beginning before something changes, ghost ; the spirit of a dead person that someone sees or hears, kid ; a child, slogan ; a short phrase that is easy to remember and is used to advertise something or to express the beliefs of a political party or other, the thing about ; used for talking about the problem with something or someone, draw a line between ; to keep two things separate, give (sth) a try ; to do something in order to find out what happens or to find out wh ether something is good, appropriate, effective etc., overreact ; to be more worried, annoyed, or offended by something than you should be, after a while ; after a period of time
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angielski
irritation ; something that annoys you, especially over a period of time, rewarding ; giving you satisfaction, pleasure, or profit, eagle ; a large bird that kills other birds and animals for food, tortoise ; an animal that walks slowly and can pull its head and legs into the shell on its back, conservationist ; someone who works to protect the environment from damage or destruction, fox ; a wild animal similar to a small dog, with red-brown fur, a pointed face, and a thick tail, pup ; a very young dog, inquisitive ; keen to learn about a lot of different things, punishment ; a way in which someone is punished, potential ; possible or likely in the future, add up ; if a set of facts does not add up, you do not believe it is correct because it does not match other information that you already have, ironically ; used for saying that a situation has developed in an unexpected and sometimes humorous way, worked up ; upset, angry, or excited, draw the line ; to say that you will definitely not allow or accept something, dig ; to make a hole in earth or sand using your hands, a machine, or a tool, especially a spade, ingratitude ; behaviour or attitudes that show you are not grateful, especially when other people think you should be grateful, beak ; the hard curved or pointed part of a bird’s mouth, get on with it ; to give your time to something and make progress with it, miss the point ; to fail to understand something, earl ; a man with a very high social position in the UK, eccentric ; someone who is eccentric often behaves in slightly strange or unusual ways, nuisance ; something that is annoying and is a continuing problem, lead ; a long thin piece of material attached to a dog’s collar so that it can be controlled in a public place, aggressive; someone who is aggressive is very determined to win or be successful, obedient ; doing what a person, law, or rule says that you must do, lovely ; kind, pleasant, and easy to like, livid ; extremely angry, habitat ; the type of place that a particular animal usually lives in or a particular plant usually grows in, for example a desert, forest, or lake, chick ; a baby bird, get rid of ; to take action that stops something annoying, unpleasant, or not wanted from affecting you, slaughter ; the killing of animals, usually for their meat, get in touch with ; to speak or write to someone, especially after you have not spoken to them for a long time
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angielski
anxiety ; a worried feeling you have because you think something bad might happen, liberate ; to give someone the freedom to do what they want, for example by taking them out of a situation in which their behaviour is controlled , grant ; to allow someone to have or do what they want , enclosed ; surrounded by something and separated from what is outside , free ; not a prisoner or a slave, panic ; a sudden strong feeling of fear or worry that makes you unable to think clearly or calmly , cautious ; careful to avoid problems or danger, bravery ; brave behaviour , conditioned ; if someone is conditioned by their experiences or by another person, they are influenced by them so that they think or behave in a particular way , fang ; one of the long pointed teeth that some animals have, for example snakes, dogs, and tigers , reverse ; to change the order or development of events, a process, or a situation to be the opposite of what it was , whole ; all of something , pass down ; to give knowledge or teach skills to your children or to younger people, back ; to give support to a person, organization, or plan, making them more likely to succeed , ensure ; to make certain that something happens or is done , starve ; to suffer or to die because there is not enough food , bake ; to cook food in an oven , harassment ; annoying or unpleasant behaviour towards someone that takes place regularly, for example threats, offensive remarks, or physical attacks , coarse ; a coarse substance or surface feels rough and hard , proceeds ; money that a person or organization makes from selling or winning something, or from organizing an event or activity , antivenin ; a substance that prevents venom from having bad effects , fearful ; frightened, rule ; to officially control or govern a country or area, plain ; plain food is simple and does not have a lot of things added to it , stand up for ; to defend someone or something that is being criticized or attacked , reasonable ; fair and sensible Some people think it is perfectly reasonable to climb into the mouth of a volcano., needle ; a very thin sharp metal tube used for putting medicine or drugs into your body, or for taking blood out. It is attached to a plastic tube called a syringe , bossy ; someone who is bossy keeps telling other people what to do, in a way that annoys them , privilege ; a special benefit that is available only to a particular person or group , cruelty ; behaviour that deliberately causes pain to other people or animals, or that makes them unhappy or upset , scout ; a boy or girl who is a member of the Scouts, an organization that encourages boys and girls to learn practical skills and help other people , abolition ; the official end to a law, system, practice etc
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ETYKA DEFINICJE
Przestępstwo polegające na nielegalnym przywłaszczeniu sobie cudzych własności lub zatrzymaniu pewnego mienia, Zbiór norm i reguł postępowania obowiązujących przedstawicieli danego zawodu, Skodyfikowany zbiór norm etycznych, określający sposób postępowania i zachowania człowieka w danej dziedzinie życia publicznego, ujawnienie lub wbrew przepisom ustawy wykorzystanie informacji stanowiących tajemnicę państwową , Nadużycie zajmowanego stanowiska poprzez faworyzowanie oparte na pokrewieństwie , Nauka o moralności, która stawia sobie za zadanie analizę i filozoficzne uzasadnienie faktów moralnych, z których można by wyprowadzić normy ludzkiego postępowania, Korzyść osiągana dla siebie, innej osoby fizycznej lub prawnej, jednostki organizacyjnej nie mającej osobowości prawnej lub grupy osób, Pośredniczenie w załatwieniu sprawy w zamian za korzyść majątkową lub obietnicę jej otrzymania , Sytuacja, w której funkcjonariusz publiczny lub inna osoba uprawniona do wystawiania dokumentów, poświadcza w nim nieprawdę w sprawie okoliczności mającej znaczenie prawnej , Zespół zasad i obowiązków zawodowych, dział etyki traktujący o obowiązkach moralnych i o tym co decyduje o moralnej wartości czynu, Zespół przeświadczeń o tym co dobre i złe, pociągający za sobą akceptację lub negatywną ocenę postępowania , art 115 par 13 KK, Sytuacja, w której osoba sprawująca funkcję publiczną podejmuje decyzje w sprawie, w rozstrzygnięciu której z jakichś powodów jest zainteresowany , Nadużycie zajmowanego stanowiska przez faworyzowanie oparte na nieformalnych powiązaniach. Nieuczciwe lub nieoficjalne pobieranie znajomych zwykle mające im umożliwić osiągnięci korzyści materialnych , Wzorzec, model etycznego postępowania, przyjęty dla danej grupy zawodowej, czasami zwany etosem
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Agielski
deep-rooted ; a deep-rooted feeling, belief, idea etc is strong and you have had it for so long that it is difficult to change, heritage ; the art, buildings, traditions, and beliefs that a society considers important to its history and culture, clean-shaven ; a clean-shaven man shaves the hair from his face, so that he does not have a beard or moustache, blame ; to say or think that someone or something is responsible for an accident, problem, or bad situation, feminine-looking ; with an appearance that is traditionally considered to be typical of women, requirement ; something that is needed in order for something else to happen, phase ; a particular period of time during the development of something, reasonable ; used about people’s decisions, actions etc, lipstick ; a coloured substance in the form of a small stick that women put on their lips, short-lived ; lasting for a short period of time, compensate ; to change or remove the bad result of something, riot ; a violent protest by a crowd of people, disillusioned ; disappointed because you have discovered that someone or something is not as good as you had believed, commune ; a group of people who live together and share work, food, income, and possessions, dumb ; stupid, stunning ; extremely attractive, look your best ; to appear as good or attractive as possible, compulsive ; impossible to control and therefore sometimes harmful, catalogue ; a book containing information organized in a specific way, and often containing pictures, grease ; to put grease on something, quiff ; the front part of a man’s hair shaped so that it is higher than the rest, linen ; light cloth made from a plant called flax, treat ; to behave towards someone in a particular way, blemish ; a mark or spot that spoils the appearance of something, keep your cool ; to remain calm in a difficult situation, influential ; able to influence the way other people think or behave, well-off ; rich, or having enough money to live well, dysmorphia ; a psychological condition in which someone is obsessed with a particular aspect of their physical appearance, physique ; the shape of someone’s body, especially a man’s, middle-aged ; used for suggesting that someone’s behaviour, clothes etc are boring and typical of middle-aged people, abnormal ; not usual or typical, especially in a way that is worrying or that shows there may be something wrong or harmful, demanding ; a demanding person needs a lot of attention and is not easily pleased or satisfied
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ANGIELSKI
logo ; a symbol that represents an organization or company, used for example in its advertisements or on its products, glance ; to look somewhere quickly and then look away, slip ; to go somewhere, especially quickly and quietly without people noticing you or stopping you, colossal ; extremely great or large, melt ; to change a solid substance into a liquid, fuel ; to make something increase or become worse, especially something unpleasant, recover ; to become fit and healthy again after an illness or an injury, vending machine ; a machine that you can buy things from, for example cigarettes, sweets, or drinks, skull ; the bones of the head, talented ; someone who is talented is very good at something, needle ; a small thin metal tool that is used for sewing. It has a sharp point at one end and a hole at the other, set about ; to begin doing something, especially in a determined or enthusiastic way, jug ; a container from which you pour liquids such as water or milk. The usual American word is pitcher, billionaire ; someone who has more than a billion pounds or dollars, single (sth/sb) out ; to choose one person from a group for special attention, building site ; a place where something is being built, budget ; the amount of money a person or organization has to spend on something, get away with ; to manage to do something bad without being punished or criticized for it, cover ; the outside page at the front or back of a book or magazine, stain ; a mark left accidentally on clothes or surfaces, charm ; the quality of being pleasant or attractive, quote ; the price that someone says they will charge you for doing a particular piece of work, clove ; a brown dried flower bud used as a spice for adding flavour to food, live up to ; to be as good as what was expected or promised, conviction ; a strong belief or opinion about something, focal point ; the most important, interesting, or attractive part of something, that you concentrate on or pay particular attention to, turn (sb/sth) down ; to not accept an offer or request, craze ; something that suddenly becomes very popular, but for only a short time, candle ; a stick of wax with a string in it called a wick that you burn to give light, collection ; works of art that are kept together, for example in a museum, exhibition ; a public show where art or other interesting things are put so that people can go and look at them, breathe ; to say something very quietly
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ANGIELSKI
offend ; to make someone upset and angry by doing or saying something, turnout ; the number of voters in an election, supervise ; to be in charge of an activity or a place and to check that things are done correctly, articulate ; able to express your thoughts, arguments, and ideas clearly and effectively, Member of Parliament ; someone who people have elected to represent them in a parliament. Members of Parliament are usually called MPs, bright ; bright colours are strong but not dark, resign ; to state formally that you are leaving a job permanently, pour ; to make a liquid or substance flow out of a container that you are holding, issue ; a subject that people discuss or argue about, especially relating to society, politics etc, democratic ; involving elections in which people vote for their political representatives, candidate ; one of the people competing for a job, candidate ; one of the people competing in an election, self-conscious ; embarrassed or worried about how you look or what other people think of you, spark ; the quality of being lively and original, secretarial ; relating to the work or skills of a secretary, offensive ; unpleasant or insulting, and likely to make people upset or embarrassed, ageism ; the practice of treating older people in an unfair or insulting way, for example by not giving them jobs, quota system ; a system in which someone has to do or have a certain amount of something, condescending ; showing that you think you are more important or more intelligent than other people, wheel around ; to turn around quickly where you are standing, acutely ; used for emphasizing that a feeling, often an unpleasant one, is very strong, magnum ; a large bottle that holds 1.5 litres, dismissal ; an act of making someone leave their job, elect ; to choose someone by voting so that they represent you or hold an official position, humiliating ; making you feel very embarrassed and ashamed, horrified ; very shocked or frightened, racism ; a way of behaving or thinking that shows that you do not like or respect people who belong to races that are different from your own and that you believe your race is better than others, humiliating ; making you feel very embarrassed and ashamed, respect ; a feeling of admiration that you have for someone because of their personal qualities, their achievements, or their status, and that you show by treating them in a polite and kind way, compulsory ; something that is compulsory must be done because of a rule or law, squirm ; to look or feel embarrassed and uncomfortable, ashamed ; feeling guilty or embarrassed because you have done something wrong, or think that you have not reached a standard that people expect