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SENTENCJE I DEFINICJE
In toto et pars continentur , Lex non obligat nisi promulgata , Genus perire non censetur , Is fecit, cui prodest, Cui ius est donandi, eidem et vendendi, et concedendi ius est , Actor sequitur forum rei , Nulli res sua servit, Delicta parentum liberis non nocet , Mulier familiae suae et caput et finis est , Cui licet quod est plus, licet utique quod est minus, Pacta sunt servanda, Nomina ipso iure divisa, Lex superior derogat legi inferiori, Nullum crimen sine lege , Summum ius summa iniuria , Lex posteriori generalis non derogat legi priori , Argumenta non numeranda, sed ponderanda sunt , Ignorantia iuris nocet, facti non nocet, Lex specialis derogat legi generali , Corruptissima republica plurimae leges , Mora trahit periculum , Nullum crimen sine culpa, Facta non praesumuntur, sed probantur , Ei incumbit probatio qui dicit, non qui negat , Fiscus semper idoneus successor sit, et solvendo , Errantis voluntas nulla est , Necessitas non habet legem , Nemo invitus compellitur ad communionem , Accessio cedit principali , Adoptio naturam imitatur , In poenam heres non succedit , Lex posterior derogat priori
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Lekcja pierwsza
prof., a den, TA, a thesis super visior, a thesis/a dissertion, MSc, the humanities, to specialize in/to major in, to get a credit, a defenee of master's/doctoral thesis, dean's office, a graduate of, lab classes, a rector, a scientific circle, classess, an index book, educational background, RhD, a syllabus, a dormitory/hostel, an academic year, extensive knowledge, a examiner of a thesis, postgraduate studies, MA, the excat sciente, an exam session, a research worker, BSc, to attend fectures, a campus
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Rzym 2
Servitutibus civiliter utendum est, cum reus moram facit, et fideiussor tenetur, adoptio naturam imitatur, Nulli res sua servit , Nemo iudex idoneus in propria causa , Is fecit, cui prodest, Servitus in faciendo consistere nequit, actus simulatus nullius est momenti, Summum ius summa iniuria, Servitus servitutir esse non potest, furtom sine affectu furandi non committitur, Superficies solo cedit , Nomina ipso iure divisa, Mora trahit periculum, imposibilium nulla obligato est, impossibilis condiciu pro non scripto habetur, errantis voluntas nulla est, cui ius est domanti, eidem of vandendi, et concedenti ius est, Mala fides superveniens non nocet, Mora debitoris perpetuat obligationem , Prior tempore potior iure, Legatum est donatio testamento relicta
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Rzym 3
Lex non obligat nisi promulgata, Non omne quod licet honestum est, Pacta sunt servanda, Alterius contractu nemo obligatur, Mala fides superveniens non nocet, Mora debitoris perpetuat obligationem, Errantis voluntas nulla est, Servitutibus civiliter utendum est, Lex severior retro non agit, Nullum crimen sine culpa, Leges bonae ex malis moribus procreantur, Lex superior derogat legi inferiori, Accessio cedit principali, Actus simulatus nullius est momenti, Impossibilium nulla obligatio est, Mala fides superveniens non nocet
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unit 1
fan ; someone who likes watching or listening to something such as a sport, films, or music very much, or who admires a famous or important person very much, instinct ; a natural tendency to behave in a particular way that people and animals are born with and that they obey without knowing why, kid ; a child, spooky ; frightening in a way that makes you nervous because it involves things that do not seem natural and cannot be explained by, hunter; someone who is looking for a particular type of thing, accessory ; a small thing such as a piece of jewelry or a pair of shoes that you wear with clothes to give them more style, dark horse ; someone with a secret, especially a secret ability, skill, or achieve ment, that surprises you when you finally discover it, tendency ; an aspect of your character that you show by behaving in a particular way, stall ; a large table or a small building that is open at the front, used for s elling things or for giving people information, at first ; in the beginning before something changes, supporter ; someone who likes to watch a particular sports team and wants that team to win, terminate; if something terminates, or if you terminate it, it ends or you stop it, collectable ; able to be collected or obtained, deal ; a formal agreement, especially in business or politics, track down ; to find someone or something after a long search, resist ; to stop yourself from doing something that you would very much like to do, weapon ; an object that can be used to hurt people or damage property, for example a gun, knife, or bomb, after a while ; after a period of time, enamel ; a hard shiny substance used for protecting or decorating glass, metal, or clay, attend ; to be present at an event or activity, dedicate ; to spend your time and effort doing something, subsequently ; after something else happened, at the beginning; in the first part of an event or process before something changes, finally ; after a long time, process, or series of events, background ; the type of career, training, or education that someone has had, sticker ; a piece of paper or plastic with a picture, colour, or writing on one side and a sticky surface on the other that you can stick to, dismiss ; to refuse to accept that something might be true, give (sth) a try ; to do something in order to find out what happens or to find out wh ether something is good, appropriate, effective etc., handle ; to touch or hold someone or something, lawn ; an area of grass that is cut short, especially in someone’s garden, in deep water ; in a difficult or serious situation, point-blank ; in a very firm and direct way
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angielski
aggressive; someone who is aggressive is very determined to win or be successful, dingo ; a wild dog that lives in Australia, messy ; untidy or dirty, out of hand ; not well controlled, draw the line ; to say that you will definitely not allow or accept something, lead ; a long thin piece of material attached to a dog’s collar so that it can be controlled in a public place, round the bend ; to become crazy, ivory ; the yellowish-white bone that an elephant’s tusks are made of, get on with it ; to give your time to something and make progress with it, cute ; attractive, usually small, and easy to like, bury ; to put something in the ground and cover it with earth, get involved ; if you get involved in something, you begin to take part in it, pup ; a very young dog, get around ; if people get along, they like each other and are friendly to each other, curtsey ; if a woman curtsies, she shows her respect for someone by bending her knees with one leg behind the other as a formal greeting, earl ; a man with a very high social position in the UK, red setter ; a breed of dog with reddish fur, logging ; the work of cutting down trees for wood, extinction ; the situation when an animal, plant, or language no longer exists, cruel ; cruel events or situations make people suffer in a way that seems unfair, indulge ; to allow someone to do what they want or enjoy, punishment ; a way in which someone is punished, worked up ; upset, angry, or excited, guinea pig ; a small animal with fur, short ears, and no tail. It is often kept as a pet, reputation ; a general opinion that someone or something has a particular quality, dig ; to make a hole in earth or sand using your hands, a machine, or a tool, especially a spade, ferocious, okrutny ; violent and able to cause serious damage or injury, ironically ; used for saying that a situation has developed in an unexpected and sometimes humorous way, overhanging ; to stick out from an edge above something, get in touch with ; to speak or write to someone, especially after you have not spoken to them for a long time, tackle ; to make an organized and determined attempt to deal with a problem, often a social problem such as crime or unemployment, trial ; the process of examining a case in a court of law and deciding whether someone is guilty or innocent. When a case comes to trial, it is brought to a court and the person who has been accused o
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angielski
risky ; involving the possibility of danger, harm, or failure , harmless ; not causing any harm, harmful ; causing harm, reassured ; made to feel less worried about something , pass down ; to give knowledge or teach skills to your children or to younger people, bake ; to cook food in an oven , genetic ; relating to genes, or to the study of genes , caution ; careful thought and lack of hurry in order to try to avoid risks or danger, gradual ; gradual processes and changes happen slowly and by small amounts , assertive ; behaving in a confident way in which you are quick to express your opinions and feelings , civilize ; to make someone behave in a more polite and reasonable way , abuse ; cruel, violent, or unfair treatment, especially of someone who does not have the power to prevent it , abusive ; using offensive or insulting language , freedom ; the right to do what you want, make your own decisions, and express your own opinions , fearful ; frightened, alliance ; a group of people, organizations, or countries who have united to work together to achieve something , liberty ; the freedom to think or behave in the way that you want and not be controlled by a government or by other people , harassment ; annoying or unpleasant behaviour towards someone that takes place regularly, for example threats, offensive remarks, or physical attacks , overemphasize ; to treat something as more important than it really is , scout ; a boy or girl who is a member of the Scouts, an organization that encourages boys and girls to learn practical skills and help other people , self-assured ; confident and relaxed because you are sure of your abilities, free ; not a prisoner or a slave, principal ; main, or most important , antivenin ; a substance that prevents venom from having bad effects , deep-fried ; cooked in a lot of hot oil , rattler ; a rattlesnake , venom ; poison produced by some animals, especially snakes and insects , acupuncture ; a medical treatment from China that involves putting special needles into particular parts of the body , reverse ; to change the order or development of events, a process, or a situation to be the opposite of what it was , fang ; one of the long pointed teeth that some animals have, for example snakes, dogs, and tigers , openness ; an honest way of talking or behaving in which you do not try to hide anything , stiff ; something that is stiff does not bend easily.
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ETYKA DEFINICJE
Zespół przeświadczeń o tym co dobre i złe, pociągający za sobą akceptację lub negatywną ocenę postępowania , Nadużycie zajmowanego stanowiska poprzez faworyzowanie oparte na pokrewieństwie , Nadużycie zajmowanego stanowiska przez faworyzowanie oparte na nieformalnych powiązaniach. Nieuczciwe lub nieoficjalne pobieranie znajomych zwykle mające im umożliwić osiągnięci korzyści materialnych , Wzorzec, model etycznego postępowania, przyjęty dla danej grupy zawodowej, czasami zwany etosem , Korzyść osiągana dla siebie, innej osoby fizycznej lub prawnej, jednostki organizacyjnej nie mającej osobowości prawnej lub grupy osób, Sytuacja, w której osoba sprawująca funkcję publiczną podejmuje decyzje w sprawie, w rozstrzygnięciu której z jakichś powodów jest zainteresowany , Nauka o moralności, która stawia sobie za zadanie analizę i filozoficzne uzasadnienie faktów moralnych, z których można by wyprowadzić normy ludzkiego postępowania, Pośredniczenie w załatwieniu sprawy w zamian za korzyść majątkową lub obietnicę jej otrzymania , Sytuacja, w której funkcjonariusz publiczny lub inna osoba uprawniona do wystawiania dokumentów, poświadcza w nim nieprawdę w sprawie okoliczności mającej znaczenie prawnej , Zbiór norm i reguł postępowania obowiązujących przedstawicieli danego zawodu, art 115 par 13 KK, Skodyfikowany zbiór norm etycznych, określający sposób postępowania i zachowania człowieka w danej dziedzinie życia publicznego, ujawnienie lub wbrew przepisom ustawy wykorzystanie informacji stanowiących tajemnicę państwową , Przestępstwo polegające na nielegalnym przywłaszczeniu sobie cudzych własności lub zatrzymaniu pewnego mienia, Zespół zasad i obowiązków zawodowych, dział etyki traktujący o obowiązkach moralnych i o tym co decyduje o moralnej wartości czynu
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Agielski
complexion ; the appearance of the skin on someone’s face, and whether it is pale, dark, smooth etc, deep-rooted ; a deep-rooted feeling, belief, idea etc is strong and you have had it for so long that it is difficult to change, dumb ; stupid, grease ; to put grease on something, have a look ; to direct your eyes toward someone or something so that you can see them, commune ; a group of people who live together and share work, food, income, and possessions, studded ; decorated with metal studs, pimple ; a small red lump on your skin, especially on your face, distinguish ; to be a feature that makes someone or something clearly different from other similar people or things, looks ; the attractive appearance of someone, especially their face, spotlight ; a situation in which you get a lot of public attention, manifestation ; evidence that something exists or is present, aftershave ; a liquid with a strong pleasant smell that a man puts on his face after shaving, compensate ; to change or remove the bad result of something, influential ; able to influence the way other people think or behave, keep your cool ; to remain calm in a difficult situation, blemish ; a mark or spot that spoils the appearance of something, rough ; difficult and with a lot of problems, catwalk ; the raised area at a fashion show that the models walk along, big mouth ; someone who talks a lot and is unable to keep anything secret, portrayal ; the way that something or someone is portrayed, blow ; to spend a lot of money quickly on things that you do not need, incomprehensible ; impossible to understand, nuts ; crazy, fit in ; to be accepted by a group of people because you are similar to them, blame ; to say or think that someone or something is responsible for an accident, problem, or bad situation, stud ; a small piece of jewellery on a short metal post that is worn through a part of your body, psychiatric ; connected with the treatment of mental illness, crave ; to want something very much and in a way that is very hard to control, corporate ; relating to large companies, or to a particular large company, ethnic ; ethnic clothing, food, music, etc. comes from countries outside Western Europe and North America, scruffy ; untidy or dirty
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ANGIELSKI
come up with ; to think of something such as an idea or a plan, commit suicide ; to deliberately kill yourself, bookworm ; someone who enjoys reading books and spends a lot of time doing it, live up to ; to be as good as what was expected or promised, suspend ; to officially stop something for a short time, dealer ; a person or company that buys and sells a particular product, rate ; the speed at which something happens within a particular period of time, slot ; a time during a series of events when it is arranged that something will happen, needle ; a small thin metal tool that is used for sewing. It has a sharp point at one end and a hole at the other, collection ; works of art that are kept together, for example in a museum, detention centre ; a special prison for young people, tireless ; working very hard without stopping, glance ; to look somewhere quickly and then look away, maggot ; a small soft creature with no arms or legs that later changes into a fly. Maggots are found in old meat and dead bodies., take to ; to begin to like someone or something, abstract ; abstract art expresses the artist’s ideas or feelings rather than showing the exact appearance of people or things, disbelief ; the feeling of not believing someone or something, especially something shocking or unexpected, patron ; someone who supports the work of writers, artists, musicians etc, especially by giving them money, billionaire ; someone who has more than a billion pounds or dollars, commission ; a group of people that is officially put in charge of something or asked to find out about something, pill ; a small piece of solid medicine that you swallow with water, building site ; a place where something is being built, self-portrait ; a picture of you that you draw or paint yourself, maid ; a woman whose job is to clean rooms, serve meals, wash clothes etc in a house, mortuary ; a place where a dead body is kept, controversy ; a disagreement, especially about a public policy or a moral issue that a lot of people have strong feelings about, exhibit ; to put something interesting in a museum or other public place so that people can go and look at it, whenever ; every time that something happens, retire ; to stop working, especially when you reach the age when you are officially too old to work, talented ; someone who is talented is very good at something, whoever ; used for saying that it does not matter who is involved in something because the result or the situation will be the same, have an affair ; to have a sexual relationship with someone, especially when you are married to someone else
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ANGIELSKI
quota system ; a system in which someone has to do or have a certain amount of something, spark ; the quality of being lively and original, resign ; to state formally that you are leaving a job permanently, ballot paper ; a ballot that you write your vote on, graduate ; someone who has a degree from a university, electorate ; all the people who are allowed to vote in an election, red-faced ; with a red face, because of being embarrassed, angry, or hot, offend ; to make someone upset and angry by doing or saying something, suffragette ; in the UK and US, a woman who took part in public protests about giving women the right to vote in the early 1900s, ashamed ; feeling guilty or embarrassed because you have done something wrong, or think that you have not reached a standard that people expect, democratic ; involving elections in which people vote for their political representatives, outcome ; the final result of a process, meeting, activity, etc, fuss ; a lot of unnecessary worry or excitement about something, get the sack ; to lose your job, especially for doing something wrong, childcare ; the job of looking after children, especially while their parents are working, object to (sth) ; to be opposed to something, or to express your opposition to it in words, racism ; a way of behaving or thinking that shows that you do not like or respect people who belong to races that are different from your own and that you believe your race is better than others, ageism ; the practice of treating older people in an unfair or insulting way, for example by not giving them jobs, realism ; the ability to accept events and situations as they really are and to deal with them in a practical way, nationalism ; the wish for political independence of a group of people with the same language, culture, history, etc., engineer ; someone who designs or builds things such as roads, railroads, bridges, or machines, on purpose ; deliberately, secretarial ; relating to the work or skills of a secretary, press charges ; to officially accuse someone of committing a crime, chancellor ; the leader of the government in some countries, for example Germany and Austria, fair ; if a situation is fair, everyone is treated equally and in a reasonable way, stand for ; to try to get chosen in an election for a particular position or as a member of a particular institution. In American English, you say that someone runs for office, self-conscious ; embarrassed or worried about how you look or what other people think of you, democracy ; a system of government in which people vote in elections to choose the people who will govern them, constituency ; a division of a country that elects a representative to a parliament, blank ; blank paper or a blank space is empty and contains no writing or other marks, discrimination ; unfair treatment of someone because of their religion, race, or other personal features